diamond الماس A diamond is a very hard, shiny jewel. | crystal بلور Crystals are solids whose atoms form a very regular pattern. |
atom اتم Everything is made up of tiny atoms. |
geyser چشمه آب گرم، (زمین شناسی) آبفشان A geyser is a natural hot spring that occasionally sprays water and steam above the ground. |
gem جواهر، سنگ گرانبها
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emerald زمرد An emerald is a hard, shiny, deep green jewel. |
gold طلا Gold is a precious metal. Coins and jewelry are made from gold. The Sacajawea US dollar coin above looks like gold. |
glacier یخچال، یخچال طبیعی A glacier is a large, slowly-moving river of ice. |
geology زمین شناسی Geology is the study of the Earth's structure, including rocks and minerals. |
impact crater باقی مانده های برخورد یک شهاب سنگ یا سیارک با زمین
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igneous rock سنگ آذرین، سنگ آتش فشانی When molten rock cools, igneous rock is formed. |
granite سنگ خارا، گرانیت Granite is a common type of igneous rock. Granite is formed in a slow cooling process. |
limestone سنگ آهک Limestone is a type of sedimentary rock that is made of the skeletons of tiny microorganisms. |
lava گدازه Lava is molten rock. It comes out of erupting volcanoes. |
iron آهن Iron is a common metal that is used for many things, like train tracks, pots, and pipes. |
metal فلز A metal is an element that has a crystalline structure when it is solid form. Many metals are shiny and many conduct electricity. Some metals include iron, copper, silver, and gold. | marble سنگ مرمر Marble is a beautiful metamorphic rock. | magnet آهن ربا A magnet attracts things made of iron. |
pebble ریگ A pebble is a small, smooth stone. |
mineral ماده معدنی A mineral is a naturally-occurring solid whose molecules form a regular pattern (usually forming crystals). Some common minerals include quartz, salt, diamond, and feldspar. |
metamorphic rocks سنگ های دگرگونی Metamorphic rocks are compacted by pressure and heat from deep inside the earth. |
ruby یاقوت A ruby is a hard, shiny, red jewel. | rock سنگ A rock is a stone. The Earth's crust is made of rock. |
quartz کوارتز Quartz is a common crystalline mineral. |
sedimentary rock سنگ رسوبی Sedimentary rock is rock that has formed from sediment and is where most fossils are found. | sand شن Sand is a loose material composed of fine debris of rock and mineral particles. | salt نمک Salt is an important crystalline mineral that we use to season our food. |
solid جامد A solid is a matter in which the molecules are very close together and cannot move around. Ice, quartz, and diamonds are solids. | soil خاک Plants grow in soil. |
silver نقره Silver is a valuable metal; it is also the shiniest metal. Some coins and jewelry are made from silver. |
tsunami یک رشته امواج نادر و غول پیکر که توسط زمین لرزه در زیرآب و یا ناآرامی دیگری در زیر آب رخ می دهد. A tsunami is a rare, giant series of waves caused by an underwater earthquake or other large-scale, underwater disturbance. | streak رگه A streak is a long mark or stripe of color. | stone سنگ A stone is a rock. |
well چاه A well is a deep hole in the ground from which you get water. | water آب Water is a liquid that we drink and use to wash. Water covers over two thirds of the surface of the Earth, and much of our body is made of water. |
volcano کوه آتشفشان A volcano is a mountainous vent in the Earth's crust. When a volcano erupts, it spews out lava, ashes, and hot gases from deep inside the Earth. |
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